Which metric measures the value of products and services produced by the citizens of a country domestically and internationally?

• A. Gross national product
• B. Gross domestic product
• C. Gini coefficient
• D. Consumer price index

Answer: (A)

Understanding the difference between GDP and GNP helps here. Gross national product measures the value of goods and services produced by the residents of a country, no matter where that production happens—inside the country or abroad. This means it includes output earned by nationals from overseas activities and excludes production by foreign residents operating domestically. That perspective aligns with the idea of valuing what the country’s citizens produce globally.

In contrast, gross domestic product counts all production that occurs within the country’s borders, regardless of who owns the firms producing it. The other options aren’t about production: the Gini coefficient measures income inequality, and the Consumer Price Index tracks changes in prices over time.